Psychological Science & Statistics – From Inquiry to Insight

This mini-book is Track B in the PyStatsV1 documentation. It is written for undergraduate psychology students (and instructors) who want to connect:

  • core ideas from research methods and statistics,

  • with real, reproducible analyses in Python, and

  • with examples that look like actual psychology studies.

What this mini-book assumes

  • You have seen basic ideas like variables, hypotheses, and p-values.

  • You may have used SPSS, JASP, or jamovi before.

  • You are either new to Python, or you have only used it a little.

You do not need to be a math expert. We will emphasize:

  • research questions and study design,

  • good measurement and data collection,

  • clear, honest interpretation of results.

How this track is organized

The chapters are grouped into broad parts:

  • Foundations of psychological science: why we do experiments, threats to validity, and ethical research.

  • Describing and exploring data: distributions, visualization, and effect sizes that matter in psychology.

  • Comparing groups: one-sample, independent, and paired-samples t tests, plus power and planning.

  • Experiments and ANOVA: one-way and factorial designs, interactions, and planned contrasts.

  • Association and prediction: correlation, simple and multiple regression, and mediation-style thinking.

  • Advanced designs and capstone projects: mixed models, repeated measures, nonparametric tests, and full study write-ups.

PyStatsV1 labs

Most chapters include a PyStatsV1 lab:

  • a small, psychology-themed dataset (e.g., reaction times, mood ratings, memory scores, or intervention effects),

  • Python code that reproduces the main analyses,

  • and guidance on how to interpret the output as a researcher.

These labs live in the main PyStatsV1 repository so that you can:

  • run them locally in a notebook or Python script,

  • modify them for your own course or project,

  • and use them as templates for your own studies.

How to use this track

If you are a student:

  • Read the conceptual sections first.

  • Then open the matching PyStatsV1 lab and run the code yourself.

  • Try changing small pieces (sample size, effect size, model specification) and see how the results change.

If you are an instructor or TA:

  • Treat each chapter as a lecture + lab pairing.

  • Use the PyStatsV1 scripts as live demos or homework templates.

  • Mix and match chapters with your existing syllabus.

Where to go next

As we build out this track, new chapters will appear under:

on the left-hand sidebar.

For more detailed regression theory and diagnostics, you can also follow Track A – Applied Statistics with Python (Regression), which mirrors a classic applied regression course in a language-agnostic way (R ↔ Python).